이미지 호스는 여러개의 서로 다른 이미지들을 가진 특별한 붓이다. 예를 들어 발자국 붓은 왼발자국과 오른발자국의 두 가지 이미지를 가지고 있다. 이 가상의 호스 붓을 사용하면 좌우발자국이 번갈아 찍히는 것을 볼 수 있다. 붓의 이러한 애니메이션 기법은 굉장히 유용하다.
HSV
CMY(K)
김프 개발자들은 XCF 파일이 다양한 버전에 대해 호환성을 유지하도록 많은 노력을 해왔다. 즉, 김프 2.0 에서 만들어진 파일을 김프 1.2 에서도 읽을 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 하지만 몇몇 정보들은 사용할 수 없을 것이다. 예를 들어 김프 2.0 은 김프 1.2 에 비해 보다 나은 텍스트 관리 방법을 가지고 있는데, 김프 2.0 의 XCF 파일은 이를 텍스트 레이어로 표현하는데, 이를 김프 1.2 에서 읽어들일 경우 그저 일반적인 레이어로 표현할 수밖에 없다.
YCbCr
YCbCr
YCbCr is a color model which was developed for the PAL television standard as a simple modification to the YUV color model. In the meantime, it has become the CCIR-601 standard for image and video recording. For example, it is used for JPEG pictures and MPEG videos, and therefore also on DVDs, video CDs and for most other widespread digital video standards. Note that a color model is still not a color space, since it doesn't determine which colors are actually meant by “red”, “green” and “blue”. For a color space, there must still be a reference to a specific absolute color value.
An alpha channel of a layer is a grayscale image of the same size as the layer representing its transparency. For each pixel the gray level (a value between 0 and 255) represents the pixels's Alpha value. An alpha channel can make areas of the layer to appear partially transparent. That's why the background layer has no alpha channel by default.
The image alpha channel, which is displayed in the channels dialog, can be considered as the alpha channel of the final layer when all layers have been merged.
See also 알파 채널의 예제.
투명도를 참고해라. 알파 채널은 투명도를 조절한다. 몇몇 이미지 포맷들은 단지 하나의 알파 채널만 있어 투명하게 하거나 불투명하게 하거나만 결정할 수 있지만, 다양한 단계의 투명도를 지원하는 포맷도 있다.
With some image file formats, you can only specify that a pixel is completely transparent or completely opaque. Other file formats allow a variable level of transparency.
증가, 페인트 모드(Incremental, paint mode)
Incremental
For information concerning creating an image hose, please see the 8절. “GIH 대화 상자” and 7절. “새 붓 추가하기”.
A spline is a curve which is defined mathematically and has a set of control points. A Bézier spline is a cubic spline which has four control points, where the first and last control points (knots or anchors) are the endpoints of the curve and the inner two control points (handles) determine the direction of the curve at the endpoints.
In the non-mathematical sense, a spline is a flexible strip of wood or metal used for drawing curves. Using this type of spline for drawing curves dates back to shipbuilding, where weights were hung on splines to bend them. The outer control points of a Bézier spline are similar to the places where the splines are fastened down and the inner control points are where weights are attached to modify the curve.
Bézier splines are only one way of mathematically representing curves. They were developed in the 1960s by Pierre Bézier, who worked for Renault.
Bézier curves are used in GIMP as component parts of Paths.
The image above shows a Bézier curve. Points P0 and P3 are points on the Path, which are created by clicking with the mouse. Points P1 and P2 are handles, which are automatically created by GIMP when you stretch the line.
From The Free Online Dictionary of Computing (13 Mar 01) :
bitmap — A data file or structure which corresponds bit for bit with an image displayed on a screen, probably in the same format as it would be stored in the display's video memory or maybe as a device independent bitmap. A bitmap is characterised by the width and height of the image in pixels and the number of bits per pixel which determines the number of shades of grey or colors it can represent. A bitmap representing a colored image (a “pixmap”) will usually have pixels with between one and eight bits for each of the red, green, and blue components, though other color encodings are also used. The green component sometimes has more bits than the other two to cater for the human eye's greater discrimination in this component.
Introduction
A channel masks is a special type of mask which determines the transparency of a selection. See 마스크는 레이어나 선택과 연동되는 특별한 요소이다. 이를 이용해 레이어나 선택의 투명도를 조절할 수 있다. for a detailed description.
채널(Channels)
YUV
YUV
The YCbCr model is a slight adaptation of such a brightness-color model. An RGB color value is divided into a basic brightness, Y, and two components, Cb and Cr, where Cb is a measurement of the deviation from gray in the blue direction, or if it is less than 0.5, in the direction of yellow. Cr is the corresponding measurement for the difference in the direction of red or turquoise. This representation uses the peculiarity of the eye of being especially sensitive to green light. That is why most of the information about the proportion of green is in the basic brightness, Y, an only the deviations for the red and blue portions need to be represented. The Y values have twice the resolution of the other two values, Cb and Cr, in most practical applications, such as on DVDs.
Color depth is simply the number of bits used to represent a color (bits per pixel : bpp). There are 3 channels for a pixel (for Red, Green and Blue). GIMP can support 8 bits per channel, referred as eight-bit color. So, GIMP color depth is 8 * 3 = 24, which allows 256 * 256 * 256 = 16,777,216 possible colors (8 bits allow 256 colors).
The exact calculation is more complicated, however, since some aspects of the color perception of the human eye have to be taken into account. For example, green is perceived to be lighter than red, and this is perceived to be lighter than blue. Furthermore, in some systems gamma correction of the basic color is first performed.
The chrominance signals, and the color difference signals also, contain the color information. They are formed by the difference of blue minus luma or red minus luma.
U=B-Y
V=R-Y
From the three generated components, Y, U and V, the individual color proportions of the basic color can be calculated again later:
Y + U = Y + ( B - Y ) = Y - Y + B = B
Y + V = Y + ( R - Y ) = Y - Y + R = R
Y - B - R = ( R + G + B ) - B - R = G
Furthermore, because of the structure of the retina of the human eye, it turns out that the brightness information is perceived at a higher resolution than the color, so that many formats based on the YUV color model compress the chrominance to save bandwidth during transmission.
translator-credits
Y - B - R = ( R + G + B ) - B - R = G
Furthermore, because of the structure of the retina of the human eye, it turns out that the brightness information is perceived at a higher resolution than the color, so that many formats based on the YUV color model compress the chrominance to save bandwidth during transmission.
URI
URI
A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a string of characters that serves to identify an abstract or a physical resource. URIs are used for the identification of resources in the Internet (such as web pages, miscellaneous files, calling up web services, and for receivers of e-mail) and they are especially used in the Worldwide Web.
Quantization
표준 TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) 은 다양한 특성을 가진다. 여섯 개의 인코딩 방법을 지원하며, 각각 검정과 흰색, 그레이스케일, 색상 등 3가지의 이미지 모드를 지원한다. 비압축 TIFF 이미지는 픽셀당 1, 4, 8, 24 비트를 사용할 수 있다. 이는 굉장히 높은 화질의 파일 포맷으로 FrameMaker 이나 CorelDRAW 등의 다른 프로그램으로 보내는데 아주 좋다.
In GIMP, gamma is an option used in the brush tab of the GIMPressionist filter and in the Flame filter. The display filters also include a Gamma filter. Also see the Levels Tool, where you can use the middle slider to change the gamma value.
Gamut
Gamut
In color reproduction, including computer graphics and photography, the gamut, or color gamut (pronounced /ˈgæmət/), is a certain complete subset of colors. The most common usage refers to the subset of colors which can be accurately represented in a given circumstance, such as within a given color space or by a certain output device. Another sense, less frequently used but not less correct, refers to the complete set of colors found within an image at a given time. In this context, digitizing a photograph, converting a digitized image to a different color space, or outputting it to a given medium using a certain output device generally alters its gamut, in the sense that some of the colors in the original are lost in the process. [위키백과 - 개멋(Gamut)]
CompuServe 사의 대표적인 작품이며, Unisys 사의 LZW 압축기법을 사용한다. GIF 이미지는 8 비트의 인덱스 색상과 이진 투명도를 지원한다(반투명은 지원하지 못한다). 그리고 몇몇 프로그램에서 인터레이스 로딩을 할 수 있다. 또 GIF 포맷은 애니메이션과 코멘트를 지원한다. 이 때문에 투명한 웹그래픽스나 GIF 애니메이션 등으로 많이 쓰이는 포맷이다. 현재는 PNG 포맷으로 대체되고 있다.
One color entry in the palette can be defined to be transparent. With transparency, the GIF image can look like it is non-rectangular in shape. However, semi-transparency, as in PNG, is not possible. A pixel can only be either entirely visible or completely transparent.
The first version of GIF was 87a. In 1989, CompuServe published an expanded version, called 89a. Among other things, this made it possible to save several images in one GIF file, which is especially used for simple animation. The version number can be distinguished from the first six bytes of a GIF file. Interpreted as ASCII symbols, they are “GIF87a” or “GIF89a”.
GNU
GNU는 GNU's Not Unix 의 약자로, 자유 운영체제 프로젝트이다. 이 프로젝트는 1983년에 자유 소프트웨어에 대한 제작과 지원을 하는 기관인 Free Software Fundation 에서 시작되었다. 김프는 공식적인 GNU 응용 프로그램이다. 더 자세한 내용은 위키피아에서 확인할 수 있다.
The name came about from the naming conventions which were in practice at MIT, where Stallman worked at the time. For programs which were similar to other programs, recursive acronyms were chosen as names. Since the new system was to be based on the widespread operating system, Unix, Stallman looked for that kind of name and came up with GNU, which stands for “GNU is not Unix”. In order to avoid confusion, the name should be pronounced with the “G”, not like “new”. There were several reasons for making GNU Unix-compatible. For one thing, Stallman was convinced that most companies would refuse a completely new operating system, if the programs they used wouldn't run on it. In addition, the architecture of Unix made quick, easy and distributed development possible, since Unix consists of many small programs that can be developed independently of each other, for the most part. Also, many parts of a Unix system were freely available to anyone and could therefore be directly integrated into GNU, for example, the typesetting system, TeX, or the X Window System. The missing parts were newly written from the ground up.
Grayscale
Grayscale
Overview
Grayscale image files (8-bit) are smaller than RGB files.
When you create a new image, you can choose to create it in Grayscale mode (which you can colorize later, by changing it to RGB mode). You can also change an existing image to grayscale by using the Grayscale, Desaturate, Decompose, Channel Mixer, although not all formats will accept these changes. Although you can create images in Grayscale mode and convert images to it, it is not a color model, in the true sense of the word.
Guides
Using
The RGB mode is very well suited to computer screens, but it doesn't let us describe what we see in everyday life; a light green, a pale pink, a dazzling red, etc. The HSV model takes these characteristics into account. HSV and RGB are not completely independent of each other. You can see that with the Color Picker tool; when you change a color in one of the color models, the other one also changes. Brave souls can read Grokking the GIMP, which explains their interrelationship.
The process of Feathering makes a smooth transition between a region and the background by softly blending the edges of the region.
파일포맷은 이미지를 작성하는 방법이다. 따라서 상황에 맞게 적절한 포맷을 선택해 주어야 한다. 파일 포맷의 예로 JPEG이나 PostScript가 있다.
이미지를 크게 할때, 이미지의 해상도가 충분치 않으면 픽셀들이 벌어지게 된다. 이때 생기는 공간을 주변 픽셀에 근거하여 채우는 것이 보간이다. 김프에서 보간법은 속도로 표시된다. 빠른 방법은 낮은 품질의 변환이고, 느린 방법은 높은 품질의 변환이다.
None (sometimes called “Nearest Neighbor”): The color of each pixel is copied from its closest neighboring pixel in the original image. This often results in aliasing (the “stair-step” effect) and a coarse image, but it is the fastest method.
The Lab color space (also called the L*a*b* color space) is a color model developed in the beginning of the 1930s by the Commission Internationale d`Eclairage (CIE). It includes all the colors that the human eye can perceive. That contains the colors of the RGB and the CMYK color spaces, among others. In Lab, a color is indicated by three values: L, a and b. Here, the L stands for the luminance component — corresponding to the gray value — and a and b represent the red-green and blue-yellow parts of the color, respectively.
레이어는 쌓여있는 판자나 입고 있는 옷을 생각해보면 된다. 입고 있는 옷의 각 부분은 레이어 대화 상자 에 있는 각 레이어와 같다. 그리고 레이어는 각각 다른 것들의 위에 쌓여져 있다. 제일 아래의 레이어는 이미지의 배경으로 이미지의 다른 성분들이 그 위에 놓여지게 된다.
Interpolation means calculating intermediate values. When you enlarge (“digitally zoom”) or otherwise transform (rotate, shear or give perspective to) a digital image, interpolation procedures are used to compute the colors of the pixels in the transformed image. GIMP offers three interpolation methods, which differ in quality and speed. In general, the better the quality, the more time the interpolation takes (see Interpolation methods).
GIMP uses interpolation when you Scale an image, Scale a layer, and when you Transform an image.
The moiré effect (pronounce “Moa-ray”) is an unintended pattern which appears when a regular pattern of grids or lines interferes with another regular pattern placed over it. This can happen, for example, when you are scanning an image with a periodic structure (such as a checkered shirt or a half-toned image), scanning a digital image, taking a digital photograph of a periodic pattern, or even when silkscreening.
XCF
.xcf
Color Management
Rendering intents are ways of dealing with colors that are out-of- GIF colors present in the source space that the destination space is incapable of producing. There are four rendering intents defined by the ICC:
.png
All of the functions which GIMP and its extensions make available are registered in the Procedure Database (PDB). Developers can look up useful programming information about these functions in the PDB by using the Procedure Browser.
Formats
A pixel is a single dot, or “picture element”, of an image. A rectangular image may be composed of thousands of pixels, each representing the color of the image at a given location. The value of a pixel typically consists of several Channels, such as the Red, Green and Blue components of its color, and sometimes its Alpha (transparency).
Relative colorimetric
Saturation
Absolute colorimetric
RGB
Color
Definition
Color
Value
Color
Selection
Floating selection
Subtractive color model
GIMP does not currently support the CMYK model. (An experimental plug-in providing rudimentary CMYK support can be found [PLUGIN-SEPARATE].)
This is the mode used in printing. These are the colors in the ink cartridges in your printer. It is the mode used in painting and in all the objects around us, where light is reflected, not emmitted. Objects absorb part of the light waves and we see only the reflected part. Note that the cones in our eyes see this reflected light in RGB mode. An object appears Red because Green and Blue have been absorbed. Since the combination of Green and Blue is Cyan, Cyan is absorbed when you add Red. Conversely, if you add Cyan, its complementary color, Red, is absorbed. This system is subtractive. If you add Yellow, you decrease Blue, and if you add Magenta, you decrease Green.
그림 1102. It would be logical to think that by mixing Cyan, Magenta and Yellow, you would subtract Red, Green and Blue, and the eye would see no light at all, that is, Black. But the question is more complex. In fact, you would see a dark brown. That is why this mode also has a Black value, and why your printer has a Black cartridge. It is less expensive that way. The printer doesn't have to mix the other three colors to create an imperfect Black, it just has to add Black.
Color depth
Color depth
bpp
SVG stands for Scalable Vector Graphics. It is a format for two-dimensional vector graphics, both static and animated. You can export GIMP paths to SVG and you can import SVG documents into GIMP from a vector graphic software. See [위키백과 - SVG] for more details.
CMY, CMYK
CMYK
Color
SVG
SVG
Formats
이 기술은 김프로 하여금 보간법보다 더 많은 주변의 픽셀들을 가지고 변할 색을 계산하는 것이다. 화질은 좋아지는 대신 조금 더 많은 시간을 필요로 한다.
.xcf
At any time, a tile may be in main memory, in the tile cache in RAM, or on disk. Tiles which are currently being worked on are in main memory. Tiles which have been used recently are in RAM. When the tile cache in RAM is full, tiles which have been used least recently are written to disk. GIMP can retrieve the tiles from RAM or disk when they are needed.
Uniform Resource Locator: 월드와이드웹(World Wide Web)에서 주소를 표시하는 방식이다.
Black and white images (only black and white, one bit per pixel) or
half-toned images (newsprint).
Other formats, such as GIF, PNG or JBIG, are far better for these kinds of images.
In general, JPEG transformations are not reversible. Opening and then saving a JPEG file causes a new, lossy compression. Increasing the quality factor later will not bring back the image information which was lost.
L*a*b
The Lab color space (also called the L*a*b color space) is a color model developed in the beginning of the 1930s by the Commission Internationale d`Eclairage (CIE). It includes all the colors that the human eye can perceive. That contains the colors of the RGB and the CMYK color spaces, among others. In Lab, a color is indicated by three values: L, a and b. Here, the L stands for the luminance component — corresponding to the gray value — and a and b represent the red-green and blue-yellow parts of the color, respectively.
In contrast to RGB or CMYK, Lab is not dependent upon the various input and output devices. For that reason, it is used as an exchange format between devices. Lab is also the internal color model of PostScript Level II.
Gamma
Gamma or gamma correction is a non-linear operation which is used to encode and decode luminance or color values in video or still image systems. It is used in many types of imaging systems to straighten out a curved signal-to-light or intensity-to-signal response. For example, the light emitted by a CRT is not linear with regard to its input voltage, and the voltage from an electric camera is not linear with regard to the intensity (power) of the light in the scene. Gamma encoding helps to map the data into a perceptually linear domain, so that the limited signal range (the limited number of bits in each RGB signal) is better optimized perceptually.
Saturation : This value describes how pale the color is. A completely unsaturated color is a shade of gray. As the saturation increases, the color becomes a pastel shade. A completely saturated color is pure. Saturation values go from 0 to 100, from white to the purest color.
Value : This value describes the luminosity, the luminous intensity. It is the amount of light emitted by a color. You can see a change of luminosity when a colored object is moved from being in the shadow to being in the sun, or when you increase the luminosity of your screen. Values go from 0 to 100. Pixel values in the three channels are also luminosities: “Value” in the HSV color model is the maximum of these elementary values in the RGB space (scaled to 0-100).
Brief description of the HSV components:
This is the color itself, which results from the combination of primary colors. All shades (except for the gray levels) are represented in a chromatic circle: yellow, blue, and also purple, orange, etc. The chromatic circle (or “color wheel”) values range between 0° and 360°. (The term “color” is often used instead of “Hue”. The RGB colors are “primary colors”.)
This value describes how pale the color is. A completely unsaturated color is a shade of gray. As the saturation increases, the color becomes a pastel shade. A completely saturated color is pure. Saturation values go from 0 to 100, from white to the purest color.
This value describes the luminosity, the luminous intensity. It is the amount of light emitted by a color. You can see a change of luminosity when a colored object is moved from being in the shadow to being in the sun, or when you increase the luminosity of your screen. Values go from 0 to 100. Pixel values in the three channels are also luminosities: “Value” in the HSV color model is the maximum of these elementary values in the RGB space (scaled to 0-100).
그림 1104. GIMP uses eight bits per channel for each primary color. That means there are 256 intensities (Values) available, resulting in 256×256×256 = 16,777,216 colors.
It is easy to see that no light (0R+0G+0B) produces complete darkness, black, and that full light (255R+255G+255B) produces white. Equal intensity on all color channels produces a level of gray. That is why there can only be 256 gray levels in GIMP.
Mixing two Primary colors in RGB mode gives a Secondary color, that is, a color in the CMY model. Thus combining Red and Green gives Yellow, Green and Blue give Cyan, Blue and Red give Magenta. Don't confuse secondary colors with Complementary colors which are directly opposite a primary color in the chromatic circle:
Colorcircle
Mixing a primary color with its complementary color gives gray (a neutral color).
It is important to know what happens when you are dealing with colors in GIMP. The most important rule to remember is that decreasing the intensity of a primary color results in increasing the intensity of the complementary color (and vice versa). This is because when you decrease the value of a channel, for instance Green, you automatically increase the relative importance of the other two, here Red and Blue. The combination of these two channels gives the secondary color, Magenta, which is the complementary color of Green.
그림 1105. Exercise : You can check this out. Create a new image with only a white background (255R+255G+255B). Open the → → dialog and select the Red channel. If necessary, check the preview box. Move the white slider to the left to decrease the Red value. You will notice that the background of your image gets closer and closer to Cyan. Now, decrease the Blue channel: only the Green will remain. For practice, go backwards, add a color and try to guess what hue will appear.
The Color Picker tool lets you find out the RGB values of a pixel and the hextriplet for the color.
표본 합치기(Sample Merge)
Saturation
경로 는 다각형이나, 곡선 등 1차원의 흔적이다. 김프에서 경로의 주 용도는 선택의 외각을 만들거나, 테두리를 그려 곡선을 만드는 것이다. 경로에 대한 기본 정보는 경로 섹션을 참고하면 되고, 경로를 만들고 편집하는 방법에 대해서는 경로 도구 섹션을 참고하면 된다.
See the Paths Concepts and Using Paths sections for basic information on paths, and the Path Tool section for information on how to create and edit paths. You can manage the paths in your image with the Paths dialog.
Also note that although GIMP itself uses 24-bit colors, your system may not actually be able to display that many colors. If it doesn't, then the software in between GIMP and your system may also dither colors while displaying them.
See also the glossary entry on Floyd-Steinberg dithering, which is used in GIMP.
EXIF
EXIF
Exchangeable image file format (official abbreviation Exif, not EXIF) is a specification for the image file format used by digital cameras. It was created by the Japan Electronic Industry Development Association (JEIDA). The specification uses the existing JPEG, TIFF Rev. 6.0, and RIFF WAVE file formats, with the addition of specific metadata tags. It is not supported in JPEG 2000 or PNG. Version 2.1 of the specification is dated June 12, 1998 and version 2.2 is dated April 2002. The Exif tag structure is taken from that of TIFF files. There is a large overlap between the tags defined in the TIFF, Exif, TIFF/EP and DCF standards [위키백과 - EXIF 데이터].
A floating selection (sometimes called a “floating layer”) is a type of temporary layer which is similar in function to a normal layer, except that a floating selection must be anchored before you can resume working on any other layers in the image.
In early versions of GIMP, when GIMP did not use layers, floating selections were used for performing operations on a limited part of an image (you can do that more easily now with layers). Now floating selections have no practical use, but you must know what you have to do with them.
Masks
선택 마스크 라 불리우는 채널 마스크: 이는 이미지의 알파 채널로 구현된다. 마스크를 제거하거나 선택을 확장시키려면 흰색으로 칠하면 되고, 선택을 축소시키려면 검정색으로 칠하면 된다. 이를 통해 선택을 정확하게 잘라낼 수도 있다. 또한 채널 메뉴 의 "알파를 선택으로" 를 이용하면 선택을 저장했다가 나중에 불러 올 수도 있다. 김프에서 채널 마스크는 특별한 형태인 퀵 마스크 를 구현하는 중요한 부분이다. 더 자세한 내용은 선택 마스크 를 보면 된다.
Moiré Effect
Layer Mask: Every layer can have its own mask. The layer mask represents the Alpha channel of the layer and allows you to manage its transparency. By painting on the layer mask, you can make parts of the layer opaque or transparent: painting with black makes the layer transparent, painting with white makes the layer opaque and painting with shades of gray makes the layer semi-transparent. You can use all paint tools to paint on the mask. You can also apply a filter or copy-paste. You can use the Layer mask for transition effects, volume effects, merging elements from another image, etc. See the Layer Mask section for more details.
Channel Mask, also called Selection Mask: Channel Masks determine the transparency of a selection. By painting on a Channel Mask with white, you remove the mask and increase the selection; with black, you reduce the selection. This procedure lets you create a selection very precisely. You can also save your selections to a Channel Mask with the Save to Channel command. You can retrieve it later by using the “Channel to selection” command from the Channel menu. Channel masks are so important in GIMP that a special type has been implemented: the Quick mask. See the Selection mask section for more details.
Bump mapping is only one (very effective) way of simulating surface irregularities which are not actually contained in the geometry of the model.
위치시키는 것을 쉽게 하기 위해서 안내선에 맞추기 옵션을 통해 안내선에 '자성을 띄게' 할 수도 있다.
For more information see 2.2절. “안내선”.
안티알리아싱은 알리아싱의 반대 작업으로, 배경과 그림 사이의 경계를 부드럽게 처리하는 것이다. 일반적으로 픽셀의 농도나 불투명도가 변경되어 배경과 부드럽게 합쳐지게 된다. 선택의 경우에는 선택의 경계에 영향을 주어 경계의 불투명도가 낮아진다.
고스트스크립트(Ghostscript) 프로젝트 페이지 소스사이트 [GHOSTSCRIPT] 를 방문한다.
gnu-gs 혹은 ghostscript(비상업용) 패키지를 찾아 다운로드한다.
Incremental mode is a tool option that is shared by several brush tools, except those which have a “rate” control, which automatically implies an incremental effect. You can set it by checking the Incremental checkbox in the toolbox for the tool (Paintbrush, Pencil and Eraser).
Indexed Colors
The two images above were created using a brush with spacing set to 60 percent. The image on the left shows non-incremental painting and the image on the right shows the difference with incremental painting.
Incremental mode is a tool option that is shared by several brush tools, except those which have a “rate” control, which automatically implies an incremental effect. You can set it by checking the Incremental checkbox in the tool option dialog for the tool (Paintbrush, Pencil and Eraser).
PostScript
The final image:
행진하는 개미(Marching Ants)
A channel refers to a certain component of an image. For instance, the components of an RGB image are the three primary colors red, green, blue, and sometimes transparency (alpha).
Every channel is a grayscale image of exactly the same size as the image and, consequently, consists of the same number of pixels. Every pixel of this grayscale image can be regarded as a container which can be filled with a value ranging from 0 to 255. The exact meaning of this value depends on the type of channel, e.g. in the RGB color model the value in the R-channel means the amount of red which is added to the color of the different pixels; in the selection channel, the value denotes how strongly the pixels are selected; and in the alpha channel the values denote how opaque the corresponding pixels are. See also 채널.
페더링은 영역의 경계 부분을 배경화면과 섞어 부드럽게 만들어주는 작업이다.